Suchergebnisse

What enables women to hold firm in their beliefs in the face of long years of hostile persecution by the Communist party/state? How do women withstand daily discrimination and prolonged hardship under a Communist regime which held rejection of religious beliefs and practices as a patriotic duty? Through the use of archival and ethnographic sources and of rich life testimonies, this book provides a rare glimpse into how women came to find solace and happiness in the flourishing, female-dominated traditions of local Islamic women's mosques, Daoist nunneries and Catholic convents in China. These

Women's mosques and female Ahong (religious leaders) and their 'Associational leadership' style have made great contributions to Islamic religious practices and more generally Muslim communities in central China for over 300 years. This article investigates these issues through understanding the biographies of two leading female Ahong and considering their modes of operation and the relationships that they have with their community. New religious trends and a more open political context has allowed these religious leaders to develop and re-shape their authority. Importantly, female Ahong operate in distinctive ways through the cooperation with women's mosque managers and committees to create and develop a unique female collective and ritual space for religious expression.

Our conversation stems from a collaborative, fieldwork-based project on Chinese Islam, and on Chinese Muslim women's rights, within a secular political ideology and legislative rights framework. Dialogue was a defining feature throughout the years of field investigation and research, fusing autobiographical and cultural trajectories in what the anthropologist Kirsten Hastrup calls the 'betweenness' of intersubjectively created experience and knowledge. The premise for our conversation lies in the claim that insufficient attention has been paid to developments, which suggest alternatives to the near-axiomatic ethnographic relationship of outside researcher and native informant. In foregrounding the cross-cultural relationship between two researchers, we explore how in the course of fieldwork interaction, boundaries of self and familiar 'standpoints' are redrawn. We ask how the history of this collaborative relationship across cultures might question and redefine the classic ethnographic binary of inside and outside, the centre and the margin, the universal and the particular, the 'western feminist' and 'other women'.

"In the late 1970s Islam regained its force by generating novel forms of piety and forging new paths in politics throughout the world, including China. The Islamic revival in China, which came to fruition in the 2000s and the 2010s, prompted increases in government suppression but also intriguing resonances with the broader Muslim world-from influential theoretical and political contestations over Muslim women's status, the popularization of mass media and the appearance of new patterns of consumption, to increases in transnational Muslim migration. Although China does not belong to the "Islamic world" as it is conventionally understood, China's Muslims have strengthened and expanded their global connections and impact. Such significant shifts in Chinese Muslim life have received scant scholarly attention until now. With contributions from a wide variety of scholars-all sharing a commitment to the value of the ethnographic approach-this volume provides the first comprehensive account of China's Islamic revival since the 1980s as the country struggled to recover from the wreckage of the Cultural Revolution. The authors show the multifarious nature of China's Islam revival, which defies any reductive portrayal that paints it as a unified development motivated by a common ideology, and demonstrate how it was embedded in China's broader economic transition. Most importantly, they trace the historical genealogies and sociopolitical conditions that undergird the crackdown on Muslim life across China, confronting head-on the difficulties of working with Muslims-Uyghur Muslims in particular-at a time of intense religious oppression, intellectual censorship, and intrusive surveillance technology. With chapters on both Hui and Uyghur Muslims, this book also traverses boundaries that often separate studies of these two groups, and illustrates with great clarity the value of disciplinary and methodological border-crossing. As such Ethnographies of Islam in China will be essential reading for those interested in Islam's complexity in contemporary China and its broader relevance to the Muslim world and the changing nature of Chinese society seen through the prism of religion"--

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction: The Uses of Ethnography -- PART I: FAULT LINES IN CHINA'S ISLAMIC REVIVAL -- 1. Imagining Transnational Communities: Conflicting Islamic Revival Movements in the People's Republic of China -- 2. The Ban on Alcohol: Islamic Ethics, Secular Laws, and the Limits of Ethnoreligious Belonging in China -- 3. Religion, Nationality, and "Camel Culture" among the Muslim Mongol Pastoralists of Inner Mongolia -- PART II: REPRESENTATION, CONSUMPTION, AND PROJECTS OF SELF-FASHIONING -- 4. Displaying Piety: Wedding Photography and Foreign Ceremonial Dresses in the Hui Community in Xi'an, China -- 5. Listening In on Uyghur Wedding Videos: Piety, Tradition, and Self-Fashioning -- 6. Marketing as Pedagogy: Halal E-commerce in Yunnan -- PART III: GENDER AND FAITH -- 7. Women's Qur'anic Schools in China's Little Mecca -- 8. Equality, Voice, and a Chinese Hui Muslim Women's Songbook: Collaborative Ethnography and Hui Muslim Women's Expressive History of Faith -- 9. The Gender of Sound: Media and Voice in Jahriyya Sufism -- PART IV: MUSLIM MOBILITIES AND IMMOBILITIES -- 10. Translocal Encounters: Hui Mobility, Place-Making, and Religious Practices in Malaysia and Indonesia Today -- 11. Diasporic Lives of Uyghur Mollas -- 12. "Force Majeure": An Ethnography of the Canceled Tours of Uyghur Sufi Musicians -- 13. "Travelers" in the City: Precariousness and the Urban Religious Economy of Uyghur Reformist Islam -- Contributors -- Index

Constructing excision, writing pain / Evelyne Accad -- Reflections on femininity and FGM / Lorraine Koonce Farahmand -- FGM/C and the female perpetrator : analysis of an underdeveloped figure / Daniela Hrzán -- The archaeology of female genital mutilation in German national politics : "wegroups", othering, and the pertinence of intersecting discourses "FGM and femininity" / Lea Kristin Kleinsorg -- Trends in female genital mutilation/cutting : a qualitative investigation focusing on mothers of circumcised Nigerian girls / Oluchukwu Loveth Obiora -- The British campaign to ban virginity testing and hymenoplasty / Saarrah Ray -- Is it really "easier to dig a hole than build a pole"? Feminist reflections on genital surgery for children born with ambiguous genitalia / Marion Hulverscheidt -- Circumcision as inscriptions of gender : implications of eradication or sustenance / Mary Nyangweso -- Patriarchal inscription on African women : negotiating zero tolerance for FGM / Adebisi Adebayo -- Marginalization of community voices in fighting female circumcision / Phyllis Livaha -- What did the judge say? A comparative analysis of selected FGM case law in highincome & low-income countries / Micali Drossos, I., Komba, P., and Granier, L.M.C. -- FGM studies : economics, public health, and societal wellbeing / Hilary Burrage -- FGM -- Health, law, education and sustainable goals through upstream and downstream approaches / Felicity Gerry, Andrew Rowland, Charlotte Proudman, Joseph Home and Hoda Ali -- Reclaiming autonomy of body : comparing memoirs by Khady Koïta and Hibo Wardere / U.H. Ruhina Jesmin -- Emotional and behavioral consequences of FGM/C among West African women residents in the United States / Mariama Diallo -- FGM in one of the world's richest countries : the case of Singapore / John Chua -- "The law against female genital mutilation (FGM) can scare people from performing FGM, but it doesn't change their attitudes" : findings of a qualitative study in Leeds, United Kingdom / Olayemi Babajide, Abimbola Babajide and Bassey Ebenso -- Morbidity due to female genital mutilation : a scoping review / Ava G. Chappell, Daniel C. Sasson, Abbas Hassan; Yufan Yan, Annie B. Wescott, Melissa Simon, Lori A. Post, and Sumanas W. Jordan -- Female genital mutilation in African and African diaspora memoir and fiction / Tobe Levin von Gleichen and Pierrette Herzberger-Fofana -- Assessment of oral media utilization on 'female circumcision' among the Abagusii of Kenya / Felister Nyaera Nkangi -- Voices to end female genital mutilation/cutting : using digital storytelling to end a harmful social norm / Mariya Taher, Amy Hill, Sandra Yu, and Kamakshi Arora -- FGM in Germany in the context of migration / Abadjayé Gwladys Awo -- 'I'm going to be judged for having FGM' : national health service experiences described by women affected by female genital mutilation in the United Kingdom and Europe / Rewan Youssif* & Charnele Nunes*, Manar Marzouk, Sameera Hassan, Mervat Alhaffar, and Natasha Howard -- "This is not my fatherland." Female genital mutilation : stories from the lives of Nigerian exiles in Italy / Annagrazia Faraca.

Contrary to the negative assessments of the social order that have become prevalent in the media since 9/11, this wide-ranging collection of essays, mostly by social anthropologists, focuses instead on the enormous social creativity being invested as collective identities are reconfigured. Using fieldwork findings drawn from Africa, Asia, and Europe, special emphasis is placed on the reformulation of ethnic and gender relationships and identities in the cultural, social, political, and religious realms of public life. Under what circumstances does trust arise, paving the way for friendship, collegiality, knowledge creation, national unity, or emergence of leadership? How is social life constructed as a collective endeavour? Does the means towards sociability become its end? And what can be said about the agency and collegiality of women? The inspiration for examining these conundrums is the work and persona of Shirley Ardener, to whom the volume is dedicated. Contributors: Jonathan Benthall, Deborah Fahy Bryceson, Gina Buijs, Sandra Burman, Hilary Callan, Gaynor Cohen, Janette Davies, Tamara Dragadze, Ronnie Frankenberg, Peter Geschiere, Kirsten Hastrup, Paula Heinonen, Maria Jaschok, Grazyna Kubica, Rhian Loudon, Sharon Macdonald, Zdzislaw Mach, Fiona Moore, Judith Okely, Lidia D. Sciama, Shui Jingjun, Cecillie Swaisland, Jacqueline Waldren, Jonathan Webber